Alphabetic Principle

SP.1.a | Demonstrate an understanding that a phonogram is a written picture of a sound.

SP.1.b | Demonstrate an understanding that a phonogram may be written with one, two, three, or four letters.

SP.1.c | Count the number of phonograms in a word.

SP.1.d | Count the number of sounds made by a phonogram.

Lowercase Single-Letter Phonograms

SP.2.a | Read the sound of the single-letter phonograms that say only one sound.

SP.2.b | Read ALL the sounds, in order of frequency, of the single-letter phonograms that say more than one sound.

SP.2.c | Recognize and match the lowercase a-z phonograms as they appear in a variety of computer fonts.

SP.2.d | Write the lowercase a-z phonograms.

SP.2.e | Recognize and match the lowercase a-z phonograms in a bookface font to their handwritten forms.

The Phonogram QU

SP.3.a | Read the sounds of the multi-letter phonogram qu.

SP.3.b | Identify QU as a multi-letter phonogram in a word.

Uppercase Letters

SP.4.a | Match lowercase and uppercase form of each letter as they appear in a variety of fonts.

SP.4.b | Read ALL the sounds, in order of frequency, of the single-letter phonograms from the uppercase forms.

CVC Words

SP.5.a | Decode CVC words that use only single-letter phonograms saying their first sounds.

SP.5.b | Decode words with the multi-letter phonogram qu.

Consonant Blends

SP.6.a | Blend two consonants in isolation.

SP.6.b | Blend three consonants in isolation.

SP.6.c | Decode words with consonant blends that use only single-letter phonograms saying their first sounds.

More One-Syllable Words

SP.7.a | Decode one-syllable words that include the phonogram S saying its second sound /z/.

SP.7.b | Decode one-syllable words beginning with an uppercase letter.

Letter Names

SP.8.a | Identify the name of each letter.

Consonants and Vowels

SP.9.a | Demonstrate an understanding that consonants are sounds blocked by the lips, tongue, or teeth, and that they usually cannot be sung or controlled for volume.

SP.9.b | Demonstrate an understanding that vowels are sounds which can be sung AND can be controlled for volume, and that they are NOT blocked by the lips, tongue, or teeth.

SP.9.c | Identify whether each sound of a single-letter phonogram is a consonant sound or a vowel sound.

SP.9.d | Identify whether each sound of a multi-letter phonogram is a consonant sound or a vowel sound.

Short Vowels

SP.10.a | Identify the short vowel sounds of the six single-letter vowels.

SP.10.b | Mark vowels that are saying their short sound with a breve.

SP.10.c | Read the short sound of single-letter vowels marked with a breve.

SP.10.d | Recognize that the short sounds are the most common sounds of the single-letter vowels.

Long Vowels

SP.11.a | Identify the second vowel sound of the six single-letter vowels as a long sound.

SP.11.b | Mark vowels that are saying their long sound with a macron.

SP.11.c | Read the long sound of single-letter vowels marked with a macron.

SP.11.d | Identify the two long sounds of U.

SP.11.e | Decode one-syllable words that follow the rule A E O U usually say their long sounds at the end of the syllable.

SP.11.f | Decode words that follow the rule I and O may say /ī/ and /ō/ when followed by two consonants.

SP.11.g | Decode words that follow the silent final E rule The vowel says its long sound because of the E.

SP.11.h | Identify the reason a single-letter vowel is saying its long sound in a given word.

Broad Vowels

SP.12.a | Identify the broad vowel sounds for A, O, and U.

SP.12.b | Mark vowels that are saying their broad sound with two dots.

SP.12.c | Read the broad sound of single-letter vowels marked with two dots.

SP.12.d | Decode one-syllable words with a broad vowel sound.

SP.12.e | Decode one-syllable words that follow the rule When a word ends with the phonogram A, it says /ä/.

SP.12.f | Decode one-syllable words that follow the rule A may also say /ä/ after a W.

SP.12.g | Decode one-syllable words that follow the rule A may also say /ä/ before an L.

SP.12.h | Identify the reason a single-letter vowel is saying its broad sound in a given word.

Schwa

SP.13.a | Demonstrate an understanding that schwa is a lazy vowel sound where the mouth does not open as far and the sound is quieter and distorted.

SP.13.b | Demonstrate an understanding that Any vowel may say one of the schwa sounds, /ŭ/ or /ĭ/, in an unstressed syllable.

SP.13.c | Demonstrate an understanding that Any vowel may say one of the schwa sounds, /ŭ/ or /ĭ/, in an unstressed word.

SP.13.d | Recognize the symbol for schwa, ə.

SP.13.e | Identify a schwa sound in a given word.

SP.13.f | Decode one-syllable words with the schwa sound.

SP.13.g | Decode words that follow the rule O may say /ŭ/ in a stressed syllable next to W, TH, M, N, or V.

SP.13.h | Decode words that follow the rule AR and OR may say their schwa sound, /er/, in an unstressed syllable.

Vowel Types

SP.14.a | Identify if a vowel is a single-letter vowel, a multi-letter vowel, or an R-controlled vowel.

SP.14.b | Identify whether a single-letter vowel in a given word is open or closed.

I & Y

SP.15.a | For words ending in Y, identify if the final Y is a single-vowel Y or a part of a multi-letter phonogram.

SP.15.b | Decode words that follow the rule I and Y may say /ĭ/ or /ī/ at the end of the syllable.

SP.15.c | Identify whether an I or Y at the end of a syllable in the middle of a word is saying its short sound or its long sound.

SP.15.d | Decode words that follow the rule When a one-syllable word ends in a single vowel Y, it always says /ī/.

SP.15.e | Explain how the rule English words do not end in I, U, V, or J applies to the spelling of words such as fly, cry, and my.

SP.15.f | Decode words that follow the rule Y says /ē/ only in an unstressed syllable at the end of a multi-syllable word.

SP.15.g | Decode words that follow the rule I may say /ē/ with a silent final E.

SP.15.h | Decode words that follow the rule I may say /ē/ at the end of a syllable.

SP.15.i | Decode words that follow the rule I may say /ē/ at the end of foreign words.

SP.15.j | Decode words with a suffix added to a word that ends with single-vowel Y.

Syllables

SP.16.a | Count the number of syllables by humming the word.

SP.16.b | Count the number of syllables by counting the number of times the mouth drops open to form a vowel sound.

SP.16.c | Count the number of syllables in a written word by counting the number of written vowels.

SP.16.d | Demonstrate an understanding that all syllables have one and only one vowel.

Syllable Stress

SP.17.a | Identify the stressed syllable in the word by saying the word aloud and feeling on which syllable the chin drops open the furthest.

SP.17.b | Demonstrate an understanding that in spoken English different syllables have different amounts of stress.

SP.17.c | Demonstrate an understanding that a stressed syllable is said more loudly than an unstressed syllable.

SP.17.d | Identify the unstressed syllable in words that include a schwa by communicating an understanding that schwa is an unstressed vowel.

SP.17.e | Apply knowledge of the phonograms and spelling rules to explain why a word is spelled a certain way.

SP.17.f | Apply the rule A E O U usually say their long sounds at the end of the syllable to divide the syllables in a word with a single-letter vowel.

SP.17.g | Apply the rule I and O may say /ī/ and /ō/ when followed by two consonants to divide the syllables in a word with a single-letter I or O.

SP.17.h | Demonstrate an understanding that syllables commonly divide between two consonants.

Hard & Soft C & G

SP.18.a | Decode words that follow the rule C always softens to /s/ when followed by E, I, or Y. Otherwise, C says /k/.

SP.18.b | Identify the reason C is saying /k/ or /s/ in a given word.

SP.18.c | Decode words that follow the rule G may soften to /j/ only when followed by E, I, or Y. Otherwise, G says /g/.

SP.18.d | Identify the reason G is saying /g/ or /j/ in a given word.

Words With Double Consonants

SP.19.a | Decode words that follow the rule We often double F, L, and S after a single, short or broad vowel at the end of a base word. Occasionally other letters also are doubled.

SP.19.b | Decode words that Double the last consonant when adding a vowel suffix.

Multi-Letter Phonograms That Say Only One Sound

SP.20.a | Read the sound of the multi-letter phonograms that say only one sound.

SP.20.b | Decode words that include the multi-letter phonogram ___ (see above).

SP.20.c | Explain how the rule English words do not end in I, U, V, or J applies to the phonograms OI, OY, AU, AW, UI, AI, and AY.

SP.20.d | Decode words that follow the rule DGE is used only after a single vowel which says its short sound.

SP.20.e | Decode words that follow the rule CK is used only after a single vowel which says its short sound.

SP.20.f | Decode words that follow the rule TCH is used only after a single vowel which says its short or broad sound.

Multi-Letter Phonograms That Say Multiple Sounds

SP.21.a | Read ALL the sounds, in order of frequency, of the multi-letter phonograms that say more than one sound.

SP.21.b | Decode words that include the multi-letter phonogram ___ (see above).

SP.21.c | Decode words with phonograms that say more than one sound. Recognize the possibilities and try each of the sounds until the word makes sense.

Phonogram Mastery

SP.22.a | Read ALL the sounds, in the order of frequency, of each of the 75 Basic Phonograms.

SP.22.b | Read ALL the sounds, in the order of frequency, and state the spelling hints for the Basic Phonograms that have one.

Plurals

SP.23.a | Decode plural words ending in -S.

SP.23.b | Decode plural words ending in -ES.

SP.23.c | Decode plural words with an irregular spelling.

Past Tense

SP.24.a | Decode past tense words with the suffix -ED.

Additional Reasons for a Silent Final E

SP.25.a | Decode words that have a Silent Final E because English words do not end in V or U.

SP.25.b | Decode words that have a Silent Final E because The C says /s/ and the G says /j/ because of the E.

SP.25.c | Decode words that have a Silent Final E because Every syllable must have a written vowel.

SP.25.d | Decode words that have a Silent Final E to keep singular words that end in the letter S from looking plural.

SP.25.e | Decode words that have a Silent Final E to make the word look bigger.

SP.25.f | Decode words that have a Silent Final E to make the TH say its voiced sound.

SP.25.g | Decode words that have a Silent Final E to clarify meaning.

SP.25.h | Decode words that have an unseen reason for a silent final E.

SP.25.i | Explain why the silent final E is needed in a given word.

SP.25.j | Decode words with a suffix added after a silent final E.

SP.25.k | Decode words that dropped silent E before the suffix was added.

True Exceptions

SP.26.a | Decode words with an exception to the phonograms or spelling rules. Identify which parts of the word follow the rules, and identify the exception.

Compound Words

SP.27.a | Decode two one-syllable words using previously taught phonograms and spelling rules, then combine the words and decode the compound word.

SP.27.b | Decode compound words using previously taught phonograms and spelling rules.

Two-Syllable Words

SP.28.a | Decode two-syllable words with short, single-letter vowels and/or previously taught multi-letter phonograms.

SP.28.b | Decode two-syllable words that include a long sound because of the rule A E O U usually say their long sounds at the end of the syllable.

SP.28.c | Decode two-syllable words where A and U say their broad sounds.

SP.28.d | Decode two-syllable words with a schwa sound.

SP.28.e | Decode two-syllable words with double consonants in the middle of the word.

Silent Letters

SP.29.a | Decode words with a silent L.

Three- Four- and Five-Syllable Words

SP.30.a | Decode three-syllable words using previously taught phonograms and spelling rules.

SP.30.b | Decode four-syllable words using previously taught phonograms and spelling rules.

SP.30.c | Decode five-syllable words using previously taught phonograms and spelling rules.

Advanced Phonograms

SP.31.a | Recognize that an unfamiliar spelling in a word may be an advanced phonogram.

SP.31.b | Identify ___ as an Advanced Phonogram. Demonstrate familiarity, but not necessarily mastery, of its sound(s).

Contractions

SP.32.a | Decode contractions.

SP.32.b | Identify the two words represented in a contraction.

Assimilation & Allophones

SP.33.a | Recognize that in speech sounds that are next to one another in a word often assimlate.

SP.33.b | Decode words with sounds that assimilate.

SP.33.c | Identify which sounds in a word are assimilating and describe why, using descriptions of how the individual sounds are formed in the mouth.

SP.33.d | Demonstrate an understanding that there are shades of sounds, and that a given phoneme may be pronounced slightly differently based upon what other sounds surround it in a word.